“And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience”
( Ephesians 2: 1–2 ) 

In Hebrew, “kingdom of the air” can be translated as  ממלכת האוויר ( “mamlachat ha-avir).

מַלְכוּת  ( mamlachat ) means “.realm “or” kingdom ” 
“האויר” ( ha-avir ) means “the air.” 

The apostle Paul describes Satan first as a “prince” with power because he has authentic power in the world. 

We know that we are children of God, and that the whole world is under the control of the evil one. ( 1 John 5:19 ) 

“The heavenly places” in Ephesians 6 are referred to as the invisible realm above the earth where Satan and his demons move and exist. 

For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. ( Ephesians 6:12 ) 

In Hebrew, “the heavenly places” can be translated as “המקומות השמימיים” ( “ha-makomot ha-shamayim). 
“המקומות  ( “ha-makomot” ) means “the places” or “the realms.”
“השמיים ( “ha-shamayim” ) means “the heavens” or “the skies.” 

This space is the location of the earth’s atmosphere or “the skies.”

“We do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.” ( Ephesians 6:12 ) 

This power has been given to him by God 

And he said to him, “I will give you all their authority and splendour; it has been given to me, and I can give it to anyone I want to. ( Luke 4:6 ). 

Satan has power over some illnesses 

Then should not this woman, a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan has kept bound for eighteen long years, be set free on the Sabbath day from what bound her?” ( Luke 13:16 ) 

or because of these surpassingly great revelations. Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. ( 2 Corinthians 12:7 ) 

it’s unknown if Paul’s “thorn” was an illness or something else. In some sense, Satan has power over death 

Since the children have flesh and blood, he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he might break the power of him who holds the power of death—that is, the devil— ( Hebrews 2:14 ). 

Satan also has power over some people. The “sons of disobedience” referred to in Ephesians 2:2 are those who have not trusted Christ as Lord and Savior 

to open their eyes and turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan to God, so that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’ ( Acts 26:18 ) 

The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers so that they cannot see the light of the gospel that displays the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. ( 2 Corinthians 4:4 ) 

It exercised all the authority of the first beast on its behalf and made the earth and its inhabitants worship the first beast, whose fatal wound had been healed. ( Revelation 13:12 ). 

The demons are also under the rule of Satan and one of his titles is “Prince of demons” 

But when the Pharisees heard this, they said, “It is only by Beelzebul, the prince of demons, that this fellow drives out demons.” ( Matthew 12:24 ), 

But the Pharisees said, “It is by the prince of demons that he drives out demons.” ( Matthew 9:34 ). 

Satan has a kingdom and a throne 

Jesus knew their thoughts and said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself will be ruined, and every city or household divided against itself will not stand. 26 If Satan drives out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then can his kingdom stand? ( Matthew 12:26 ) 

I know where you live—where Satan has his throne. Yet you remain true to my name. You did not renounce your faith in me, not even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witness, who was put to death in your city—where Satan lives. ( Revelation 2:13 ). 

Satan is called a prince because he is a ruler and possesses the power to manifest evil in the world by influencing people and commanding demons. This whole world is Satan’s domain

8 Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their splendor. 9 “All this I will give you,” he said, “if you will bow down and worship me.” ( Matthew 4: 8–9 ). 

Although Satan has power and authority in the current world system in which we exist, his power is limited, always under the sovereign control of God. 

The LORD said to Satan, “Very well, then, everything he has is in your power, but on the man himself do not lay a finger.” ( Job 1:12 ),

and it is a temporary 

The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. ( Romans 16:20 ). 

God has not revealed all of the whys and whens concerning Satan’s rule, but He has made it clear that there is only one way to escape the power of Satan’s dominion, and that is through His Son, Jesus 

to open their eyes and turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan to God, so that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’ ( Acts 26:18 ) 

For he has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the kingdom of the Son he loves, 14 in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins. ( Colossians 1: 13–14 ).

It is Jesus who, speaking of the impending cross, declared victory: “Now the prince of this world will be driven out” 

Now is the time for judgment on this world; now the prince of this world will be driven out. ( John 12:31 ). 

The reason Satan is called a prince rather than a king is that there is only one King—Jesus Christ. 

which God will bring about in his own time—God, the blessed and only Ruler, the King of kings and Lord of lords
( 1 Timothy 6:15 )